Uniconazole 烯效唑

烯效唑

烯效唑烯效唑属广谱性、高效植物生长调节剂，兼有杀菌和除草作用，是赤霉素合成抑制剂。具有控制营养生长，抑制细胞伸长、缩短节间、矮化植株，促进侧芽生长和花芽形成，增进抗逆性的作用。其活性较多效唑高6-10倍，但其在土壤中的残留量仅为多效唑的1/10，因此对后茬作物影响小，可通过种子、根、芽、叶吸收，并在器官间相互运转，但叶吸收向外运转较少。向顶性明显。适用于水稻、小麦，增加分蘖，控制株高，提高抗倒伏能力。用于果树控制营养生长的树形。用于观赏植物控制株形，促进花芽分化和多开花等。

化学名称： (E)-1-对氯苯基-2-(1, 2, 4-三唑-1-基)-4, 4-二甲基-1-戊烯-3-醇
结构式：
英文名： Uniconazole 烯效唑的结构式

分子式： C15H18ClN3O
分子量： 291.8
规格：90%-95%原药、5%可湿性粉剂。
包装：25KG/桶（纸板桶）、200KG/桶（铁桶）
CAS注册号： 83657-22-1
外观 淡黄色至白色固体 均匀疏松粉末 淡黄色透明液体
有效成份 85/95% 5%
项目 Tech
外观 淡白色粉末
含量 w/w 90.0%
水份 w/w 1.0%
酸度 (calculated as H2SO4), w/w 0.5%
丙酮不溶物 w/w 0.5%
英文通用名 uniconazole
其他名称 Sumgaic、Prunit、S-3307、S-327、XE-1019
毒性 对人畜低毒。小鼠口鼠LD50雄性4000mg/kg，雌性2850mg/kg。对鱼毒性中等，金鱼TLM48h>1.0mg/kg，蓝鳃鱼6.4mg/kg，鲤鱼6.36mg/kg。

使用方法
1. 水稻 水稻种子用50-200mg/kg。早稻用50mg/kg，单季稻或连作晚稻因品种不同用50-200mg/kg药液浸种，种子量与药液量比为1：1.2：1.5，浸种36(24-28)h,每隔12h拌种1次，以利种子着药均匀。然后用少量清洗后催芽播种。可培育多蘖矮壮秧。
2. 小麦 小麦种子用10mg/kg药液拌种，每kg种子用10mg/kg药液150ml，边喷雾边搅拌，使药液均匀附着在种子上，然后掺少量细干土拌匀以利播种。亦可在拌种后闷3-4h，再掺少量细干土拌匀播种。可培育冬小麦壮苗，增强抗逆性，增加年前分蘖，提高成穗率，减少播种量。在小麦拔节期(宁早勿迟)，每亩均匀喷施30-50mg/kg的烯效唑药液50kg，可控制小麦节间伸长，增加抗倒伏能力。
3. 观赏植物 以10-200mg/kg药液喷雾，以0.1-0.2mg/kg药液盆灌，或在种植前以10-1000mg/kg药液浸根，球茎或鳞茎数h，可控制株形，促进花芽分化和开花。
4.花生，草坪等。建议用量：每亩40克，配水30公斤（约两壶）

注意事项
1. 烯效唑的应用技术还正在研究开发之中，使用时最好先试验后推广。
2. 严格掌握使用量和使用时期。作种子处理时，要平整好土地，浅播浅覆土，墒情好。

uniconazole
Plant growth regulator

NOMENCLATURE
uniconazole
Common name uniconazole (BSI, ANSI, draft E-ISO, (m) draft F-ISO)
IUPAC name (E)-(RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol
Chemical Abstracts name (E)-(?-b-[(4-chlorophenyl)methylene]-a-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol
CAS RN [83657-22-1] Development codes S-07; S-327 (both Sumitomo); XE-1019 (Chevron)

uniconazole-P
Common name uniconazole-P (BSI, pa E-ISO)
IUPAC name (E)-(S)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol
CAS RN [83657-17-4] (E)-(S)-(+)- isomer; [83657-16-3] (E)-(R)-(-)- isomer; [76714-83-5] (E)- isomers Development codes S-3307 D (Sumitomo)

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
uniconazole
Mol. wt. 291.8 M.f. C15H18ClN3O Form White, crystalline solid. M.p. 147-164 ºC V.p. 8.9 mPa (20 ºC) KOW logP = 3.67 (25 ºC) S.g./density 1.28 (21.5 ºC) Solubility In water 8.41 mg/l (25 ºC). In methanol 88, hexane 0.3, xylene 7 (all in g/kg, 25 ºC). Soluble in acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and dimethylformamide. Stability Good stability under normal storage conditions.

uniconazole-P
Mol. wt. 291.8 M.f. C15H18ClN3O Form White, crystalline solid, with a faint characteristic odour. M.p. 152.1-155.0 ºC V.p. 5.3 mPa (20 ºC) S.g./density 1.28 (25 ºC). Solubility In water 8.41 mg/l (25 ºC). In methanol 72, hexane 0.2 (both in g/l, 20 ºC). Stability Stable under normal storage conditions. F.p. 195 ºC

COMMERCIALISATION
History Plant growth regulator reported by K. Izumi et al. (Plant Cell Physiol., 1984, 25, 611); uniconazole-P is more potent than the (R)-(-)- isomer. Introduced by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd and by Valent.

uniconazole
Patents US 4203995; GB 2004276 Manufacturers Sumitomo

uniconazole-P
Patents US 4435203

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Inhibits gibberellin biosynthesis. Mode of action Plant growth regulator, absorbed by the stems and roots, with translocation in the xylem to growing points. Uses Used to reduce lodging in rice; to reduce vegetative growth and increase flowering of ornamentals; and to reduce vegetative growth and the need for pruning in trees. Formulation types GR; SL; WP.

uniconazole
Selected products: 'Lomica' (Japan) (Sumitomo); 'Sumiseven' (Japan) (Sumitomo)

uniconazole-P
Selected products: 'Sumagic' (Sumitomo, Valent)

OTHER PRODUCTS
uniconazole-P
'Prunit' (Sumitomo); 'Sunny' (Aquamarine)

ANALYSIS
Product analysis by glc or hplc; details available from Sumitomo. Residues determined by glc or hplc.

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
uniconazole-P
Oral Acute oral LD50 for male rats 2020, female rats 1790 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >2000 mg/kg. Not irritating to skin; minimal eye irritation (rabbits). Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for rats >2750 mg/m3. Other Non-mutagenic in Ames assay. Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) III (classification assigned to uniconazole on the basis of data for uniconazole-P); EPA (formulation) III

ECOTOXICOLOGY
uniconazole-P
Fish LC50 (96 h) for rainbow trout 14.8, carp 7.64 mg/l. Bees Acute contact LD50 for bees >20 mg/bee.