Triflumuron 杀铃脲

杀铃脲

品名：杀铃脲
Name: Triflumuron
性状：白色粉末 ,无异味
熔点：188-190℃
PH：6-8
干燥失重：<0.5%
重金属：Max:20ppm
含量（干品计）：≥98.5%
常用剂型：5%SC,20%SC,48%SC
防治作物：棉花、蔬菜、果树、林木防治对象：
金纹细蛾、菜青虫、小菜蛾、小麦粘虫、松毛虫等鳞翅目和鞘翅目害虫。
包装规格：
25kg/板纸桶

作用用途
主要是胃毒及触杀作用，抑制昆虫几丁质和称，使幼虫蜕皮，不能形成新表皮，虫体或畸形而死亡。由于其高效、低毒及广谱的特点，可用于防治玉米、棉花、森林、水果和大豆上的鞘翅目、双翅目、鳞翅目害虫，对天敌无害。
杀铃脲系列产品是一种昆虫几丁质合成抑制剂，它是苯甲酰脲类的昆虫生长调节剂。它对昆虫主要是胃毒作用，有一定的触杀作用，但无内吸作用，有良好的杀卵作用。杀铃脲属低毒杀虫剂，原药对鼠急性口服LD50≥5000mg/kg，对兔眼粘膜和皮肤无明显刺激作用。试验结果表明，在动物体外无明显的畜积毒性，未见致癌、致畸、致突变作用。本品主要用于防治金纹细蛾、菜青虫、小菜蛾、小麦粘虫、松毛虫等鳞翅目和鞘翅目害虫，防治效果均达到90%以上，并且药效期可达30天，对鸟类、鱼类、蜜蜂等无毒，不破坏生态平衡。

产品特点
杀铃脲属苯甲酰脲类的昆虫生长调节剂。它能抑制昆虫几丁质合成酶的活性，阻碍几丁质合成，即阻碍新表皮的形成，使昆虫的蜕皮化蛹受阻，活动减缓，取食减少，甚至死亡。主要以胃毒为主，兼有一定的触杀作用，对绝大多数动物和人类无毒害作用，且能被微生物所分解，成为当前调节剂类农药的主要品种。

triflumuron
Insecticide
IRAC 15; benzoylurea

NOMENCLATURE
Common name triflumuron (BSI, draft E-ISO, (m) draft F-ISO)
IUPAC name 1-(2-chlorobenzoyl)-3-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)urea
Chemical Abstracts name 2-chloro-N-[[[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]amino]carbonyl]benzamide
CAS RN [64628-44-0] Development codes SIR 8514 (Bayer) Official codes OMS 2015

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Mol. wt. 358.7 M.f. C15H10ClF3N2O3 Form Colourless, odourless powder. M.p. 195 ºC V.p. 4 ´ 10-5 mPa (20 ºC) KOW logP = 4.91 (20 °C) S.g./density 1.445 (20 ºC) Solubility In water 0.025 mg/l (20 ºC). In dichloromethane 20-50, isopropanol 1-2, toluene 2-5, hexane <0.1 g/l (20 ºC). Stability Stable to hydrolysis in neutral media and in acids; hydrolysed by alkali: DT50 (22 ºC) 960 d (pH 4), 580 d (pH 7), 11 d (pH 9).

COMMERCIALISATION
History Insecticide reported by G. Zoebelein et al. (Int. Congr. Plant Prot., 9th, Annu. Mtg. Am. Phytopathol. Soc., 71st, 1979, Abstract 309) and by I. Hammann & W. Sirrenberg (Pflanzenschutz-Nachr. (Engl. Ed.), 1980, 33, 1). Introduced by Bayer AG. Patents DE 2601780 Manufacturers Bayer CropScience; Sundat

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Chitin synthesis inhibitor. Mode of action Ingested insecticide, acting by inhibition of moulting. Uses Control of Lepidoptera, Psyllidae, Diptera, and Coleoptera on fruit, soya beans, vegetables, forest trees, and cotton. Also used against larvae of flies, fleas and cockroaches in public and animal health. Formulation types EC; OF; SC; UL; WP. Selected products: 'Alsystin' (crop protection use) (Bayer CropScience); 'Baycidal' (public health) (Bayer CropScience); 'Starycide' (animal health use) (Bayer CropScience)

OTHER PRODUCTS
'Soystin' (Bayer CropScience) mixtures: 'Raxil T' (+ tebuconazole) (seed treatment, Australia) (Bayer CropScience)

ANALYSIS
Methods for determination of residuesavailable from Bayer CropScience.

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral Acute oral LD50 for male and female rats and mice >5000, dogs >1000 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for male and female rats >5000 mg/kg; not irritating to skin and eyes (rabbits). Not a skin sensitiser. Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for male and female rats >0.12 mg/l air (aerosol), >1.6 mg/l air (dust). NOEL (2 y) for rats and mice 20 mg/kg diet; (1 y) for dogs 20 mg/kg diet. ADI 0.0072 mg/kg b.w. Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) U; EPA (formulation) IV

ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds Acute oral LD50 for bobwhite quail 561 mg/kg. Fish LC50 (96 h) for rainbow trout >320, golden orfe >100 mg/l. Daphnia LC50 (48 h) 0.225 mg/l. Algae ErC50 (96 h) for Scenedesmus >25 mg/l. Bees Toxic to bees. Worms LC50 (14 d) >1000 mg/kg. Other beneficial spp. Adult stages are not affected, slight effects on juvenile stages possible; safe to predatory mites.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Animals Triflumuron labelled in the 2-chlorobenzoyl moiety was metabolised in rats by hydrolytic cleavage, forming metabolites which contained only the 2-chlorophenyl ring and were partly hydroxylated and conjugated. Correspondingly, in experiments with labelling in the 4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl group, metabolites were found which contained only the 4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl ring, partly in hydroxylated form. Plants Following spray application to apples, soya beans and potatoes, triflumuron is only slightly metabolised; metabolites were the same as those formed in animals. For residue analyses, it is sufficient to determine the parent compound in the harvested crops. Soil/Environment Degradation: In laboratory tests, triflumuron was moderately quickly degraded in the soil; degradation in the field was more rapid by a factor of 3-5. Repeated applications over 3 years to soil without vegetation did not result in any accumulation in the soil. In practice-relevant applications in forests, the concentrations of residues found in the soil were very low at all times, and declined below the limit of detection after a few months. Metabolism: In soil, 50% of applied triflumuron labelled in the 2-chlorobenzoyl moiety was degraded to CO2 within 112 days and c. 20% of the radioactivity was bound to the soil. When using triflumuron labelled in the 4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl moiety, the compound was mineralised more slowly, while the percentage of bound residues was markedly increased. Metabolism was mainly induced by microbes, and resulted in metabolites which contained just one of the two rings in each case.