Tricyclazole 三环唑

三环唑

英文通用名称 tricyclazole
其他名称 比艳三赛唑，克瘟灵，克瘟唑，Beam ，Bim，Blascide，EL-291
分子式 C9H7N3S 分子量 189.24 CAS No 41814-78-2

物理性质
纯品为白色结晶，熔点187~188摄氏度。工业原药为橙色结晶。对水、光、热稳定，持效期7~10天。

毒性
属于中等毒性杀菌剂。原粉大鼠急性经口LD50为305毫克/公斤，小鼠为250mg/kg,急性经皮LD50>2000毫升/公斤，急性吸入LC50>0.25毫克/m3。对兔眼和皮肤有轻度刺激作用，在试验剂量下无慢性毒性。对水生生物安全。对蜜蜂无毒，对蚕有轻度影响。

剂型
20%、40%、75%三环唑可湿性粉剂，30%悬浮剂，1%、4%粉剂，20%溶胶剂。

特点
具有较强的内吸性的保护性杀菌剂。能迅速被水稻各部位吸收，持效期长，药效稳定，用量低并且抗雨水冲刷。

适用范围
主要用于稻瘟病的防治。

使用方法
1、水稻叶瘟的防治 在秧苗3-4叶期每亩用20%可湿性粉剂50-75克，兑水40-50公斤，常规喷洒。或用0.1%有效成分药液浸种48小时后再催芽拌种。
2、防治水稻穗茎瘟 在水稻孕穗末期或破口初期，用20%可湿性粉剂75-100克均匀喷洒。
注意事项
1、浸种或拌种对芽苗稍有抑制但不影响后期生长。
2、防治穗茎瘟时，第一次用药必须在抽穗前。
3、勿与种子、饲料、食物等混放，发生中毒用清水冲洗或催吐，目前尚无特效解毒药。
4、有一定的鱼毒性，在池塘附近施药要注意安全。

tricyclazole
Fungicide
FRAC 16.1, I1; MBI: reductase

NOMENCLATURE
Common name tricyclazole (BSI, E-ISO, (m) F-ISO, ANSI)
IUPAC name 5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3]benzothiazole
Chemical Abstracts name 5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]benzothiazole
CAS RN [41814-78-2] EEC no. 255-559-5 Development codes EL-291 (Lilly)

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Mol. wt. 189.2 M.f. C9H7N3S Form Crystalline solid. M.p. 184.6-187.2 ºC B.p. 275 °C V.p. 5.86 ´ 10-4 mPa (20 ºC, Knudsen-Effusion Weight Loss Method) KOW logP = 1.42 Henry 1.86 ´ 10-7 Pa m3 mol-1 (20 ºC, calc.) S.g./density 1.4 (20 °C) Solubility In purified water 0.596 g/l (20 ºC). In acetone 13.8, methanol 26.5, xylene 4.9 (all in g/l, 20 ºC). Stability Stable at 52 ºC (highest storage temperature tested). Relatively stable to u.v. light.

COMMERCIALISATION
History Fungicide reported by J. D. Froyd et al. (Phytopathology, 1976, 66, 1135). Introduced in Philippines (1976) by Eli Lilly & Co. (agrochemical interests now Dow AgroSciences). Patents GB 1419121 Manufacturers Dow AgroSciences; Nagarjuna Agrichem; Sharda; Tide

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Melanin biosynthesis inhibitor (reduction of 1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene and vermelone). Mode of action Systemic fungicide, absorbed rapidly by the roots, with translocation through the plant. Uses Control of rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae) in transplanted and direct-seeded rice at 100 g/ha. Can be applied as a flat drench, transplant root soak, or foliar application. One or two applications by one or more of these methods give a season-long control of the disease. Formulation types DP; GR; SC; WG; WP. Selected products: 'Beam' (Dow AgroSciences); 'Bim' (Dow AgroSciences); 'Tizole' (Tide)

OTHER PRODUCTS
'Blas-T' (Crystal); 'Sazole' (Sanonda) mixtures: 'Beam Admire' (+ imidacloprid) (Japan) (Nihon Bayer) Discontinued products: 'Bema' * (Dow)

ANALYSIS
Product analysis by glc with FID or by hplc (E. W. Day et al., Anal. Methods Pestic. Plant Growth Regul., 1980, 11, 263). Residues in plant tissue determined by glc with FPD, the main metabolite (hydroxymethyl analogue) first being converted to a derivative (idem, ibid.). In drinking water, by glc with NPD (AOAC Methods, 17th Ed., 991.07). Details available from Dow AgroSciences.

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats 314, mice 245, dogs >50 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rabbits >2000 mg/kg. Slight eye irritant; non-irritating to skin (rabbits). Inhalation LC50 (1 h) for rats 0.146 mg/l air. NOEL (2 y) for rats 9.6 mg/kg b.w., for mice 6.7 mg/kg b.w.; (1 y) for dogs 5 mg/kg b.w.; 3-generation reproduction for rats 3 mg/kg b.w. ADI 0.03 mg/kg. Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) II; EPA (formulation) II EC classification Xn; R22

ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds Acute oral LD50 for mallard ducks and bobwhite quail >100 mg/kg. Fish LC50 (96 h) for bluegill sunfish 16.0, rainbow trout 7.3, goldfish fingerlings 13.5 mg/l. Daphnia LC50 (48 h) >20 mg/l; NOEC (21 d) 0.96 mg/l.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Animals Rapid and extensive metabolism. Plants The principal metabolite in plants is the hydroxymethyl analogue. Soil/Environment Kd 4 (loamy sand, pH 6.5, 1.5% o.m.), 45 (loam, pH 5.7, 3.1% o.m.), 21 (clay loam, pH 7.4, 1.9% o.m.), 22 (silty clay loam, pH 5.7, 4.1% o.m.).