Terbufos 特丁硫磷, 特硫磷

特丁硫磷

商品名称：特丁磷，英文名称：Terbufos，化学名称：O，O-二乙基-S-特丁硫甲基二硫代硫酸酯。分子式：C9H21O2PS3，分子量：288.4。、物理性质：纯度在85%以上的特丁磷原药为无色或淡黄色液体。沸点为69℃/0.01mmHg，熔点为-29.2℃，25℃时蒸汽压为34.6mpa，相对密度D4241.105，折光率ND231.52，

特丁硫磷特性
在常温下水中溶解度为10—15毫克/升，能溶解于丙酮、醇类、芳烃和氯烷烃中，在120℃以上PHA小于7或大于9的条件下容易分解，在碱性介质中分解较快。毒性：急性经口LD50值：雄大白鼠为2.61mg/kg体重，雌性大白鼠为0.852mg/kg体重。在动植物及土壤中容易降解，不积累在生物链和环境中。用途：高效高毒广谱性农用杀虫剂，具有内吸、触杀和熏蒸作用，主要用于制成颗粒剂，防治棉花、甘蔗、玉米等作物的害虫，在种植时直接施用于种子的犁沟内。本品是一种高效、速效、广谱的优良土壤杀线虫剂，具有内吸、熏蒸等作用，对多种土壤线虫剂地下害虫有优异的防效。

使用说明
特丁硫磷是高效的速效、广谱的土壤杀虫剂，具有内吸、胃毒和熏蒸作用对多种地下害虫有优异防治效果。但需特别注意的是：该药的原药属剧毒农药。其3%、5%颗粒剂也属中等毒性。为此，我国农业部2002发布公告明令停止该药的新增登记，不得用于蔬菜、果树、茶叶、中草药，并撤销在甘蔗上登记，目前仅登记用于防治花生田蛴螬等地下害虫，在专业人员指导下施药。亩用5%颗粒剂2.4-3.0千克，先将药剂施入播种沟内，覆盖少量土再播入花生种，使药剂与种子隔离，以避免发生药害，施药田块，应插警示牌，以防人畜受害。用药后的包装物，要集中销毁，禁止他用。发现中毒可用阿托品或解磷毒进行急救，并立即送医院抢救。

注意事项
1．本品为剧毒农药，在使用、运输、贮存中应遵守剧毒农药安全操作规程，操作时必须配戴口罩、操作服、胶手套，施药时不准进食、吸烟、饮水、施药后必须洗手、更衣。储存和运输: 应贮存于阴凉、干燥、通风处，避免接触水源、食品、种子和饲料等。
2．施用本药剂时，要在专业人员指导下进行，以保证合理、安全。
3．在花生作物田施药时，先将药剂施入播种沟内，覆盖少量土后再播入花生种，使药剂与种子隔离，以避免发生药害。
4．本剂及接触颗粒剂的用具必须专人保管，颗粒剂应贮存于阴凉、避光处，用后的包装物，要集中销毁，禁止它用。
5．施用本剂的作物田，均应插警示牌，以防人、畜受害。
6．如发现人畜中毒，可用阿托品或解磷毒（P.A.M）进行急救，并立即送医院进行抢救。
7．安全间隔期：最后一次施药距收获期3个月。
8. 特丁硫磷 实际使用中。土壤残留半衰期30天

农业部文件摘抄：禁止特丁硫磷在甘蔗上使用；禁止甲拌磷，甲基异柳磷，特丁硫磷，甲基硫环磷，治螟磷，内吸磷，克百威，涕灭威，灭线磷，硫环磷，蝇毒磷，地虫硫磷，氯唑磷，苯线磷在蔬菜、果树、茶叶、中草药材上使用。

terbufos
Insecticide, nematicide
IRAC 1B; organophosphate

NOMENCLATURE
Common name terbufos (BSI, E-ISO, (m) F-ISO, ANSI, ESA)
IUPAC name S-tert-butylthiomethyl O,O-diethyl phosphorodithioate
Chemical Abstracts name S-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)thio]methyl] O,O-diethyl phosphorodithioate
CAS RN [13071-79-9] EEC no. 235-963-8 Development codes AC 92 100 (Cyanamid) Official codes ENT 27 920

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Composition Tech. grade is ³85% pure. Mol. wt. 288.4 M.f. C9H21O2PS3 Form Slightly yellow liquid, with a mercaptan-like odour. M.p. -29.2 ºC B.p. 69 ºC/0.01 mmHg V.p. 34.6 mPa (25 ºC) KOW logP = 2.77 S.g./density 1.11 (20 °C) Solubility In water 4.5 mg/l (27 ºC). Readily soluble in most organic solvents, e.g. aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, alcohols, acetone c. 300 g/l. Stability Stable for more than 2 years at room temperature. Decomposes on prolonged heating above 120 ºC. Hydrolysis DT50 for tech. 2-3 d (pH 4-9). F.p. 88 ºC (Tag open cup)

COMMERCIALISATION
History Insecticide reported by E. B. Fagan (Proc. Br. Insectic. Fungic. Conf. 7th, 1973, 2, 695). Introduced by American Cyanamid Co. (now BASF AG) and first marketed in 1974. Manufacturers BASF; Rotam; Sharda; United Phosphorus

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Cholinesterase inhibitor. Mode of action Soil insecticide and nematicide with stomach and contact action. Uses Has effective initial and residual activity against soil-dwelling arthropods. Soil application of granules controls Diabrotica spp. larvae in maize, Tetanops myopaeformis in sugar beet, Delia spp. larvae in cabbages and onions, Diplopoda, Symphyla, Elateridae, and other soil-dwelling arthropods. Various above-ground pests are also controlled on plants grown in terbufos-treated soil. It has nematicidal activity, controlling Radopholus similis, Meloidogyne incognita and Helicotylenchus spp. in bananas, and Ditylenchus dipsaci in sugar beet. Rates 0.25-2.0 kg/ha. Formulation types GR. Selected products: 'Contraven' (BASF); 'Counter' (BASF); 'Hunter' (United Phosphorus); 'Pilarfox' (Pilarquim); 'Terborox' (Rotam); 'Terfos' (Efthymiadis); 'Tertin' (Sanonda)

OTHER PRODUCTS
'Plydax' (BASF); 'Aragran' (Dr Maag); 'Cyanater' (Isagro)

ANALYSIS
Product analysis by glc with FID (CIPAC Handbook, 1998, H, 269). Residues determined by glc (E. J. Orloski, Anal. Methods Pestic. Plant Growth Regul., 1980, 11, 165). In drinking water, by glc with NPD (AOAC Methods, 17th Ed., 991.07).

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Reviews FAO/WHO 56, 61 (see part 2 of the Bibliography). Oral Acute oral LD50 for male albino rats 1.6 mg tech./kg; for female albino mice 5.4 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats 9.8, rabbits 1.0 mg/kg. Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for male rats 0.0061 mg a.i./l air, for females 0.0012 mg/l air. NOEL NOAEL (1 y, cholinesterase inhibition) for male rats 0.028 mg/kg b.w., for female rats 0.036 mg/kg b.w. daily. ADI (JMPR) 0.0002 mg/kg b.w. [1989]. Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) Ia; EPA (formulation) I EC classification T+; R27/28

ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds Acute oral LD50 for quail 15 mg/kg. Dietary LC50 (8 d) for mallard ducks 185, ring-necked pheasants 145 mg/kg diet. Fish LC50 (96 h) for rainbow trout 0.01, bluegill sunfish 0.004 mg/l. Bees LD50 for honeybees by topical application 4.1 mg/bee; granular formulations limit potential for exposure.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
EHC 63 (WHO, 1986; a general review of organophosphorus insecticides). Animals Degradation in animals is the same as in soil. Plants Degradation in plants is the same as in soil. Soil/Environment Oxidative and hydrolytic degradation occurs in soil. No accumulation. Half-life in soil is 9-27 d.