Pyriproxyfen 吡丙醚, 蚊蝇醚

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吡丙醚

中文通用名称:吡丙醚
英文通用名称:pyriproxyfen
其他名称:灭幼宝、蚊蝇醚 化学名称:4-苯氧苯基(RS)-2-(2-吡啶基氧)丙基醚

理化性质
原药呈淡黄色晶体,熔点45-47℃,蒸气压133.3×10-7帕(22.8℃),甲醇200克/升(20℃),水0.37毫克/升(25℃)。

毒性
按我国农药毒性分级标准,吡丙醚属低毒杀虫剂。原药大鼠急性经口LD50>5000毫克/公斤,大鼠急性经皮LD50>2000毫克/公斤,大鼠争性吸入LC50>13000毫克/米3(4小时)。对眼有轻微刺激作用,无致敏作用。在试验剂量下未见致突变、致畸反应。大鼠6个月喂养试验无作用剂量400毫克/公斤;大鼠28天吸入试验无作用剂量482毫克/米3,动物吸收、分布、排出迅速。

作用特点
本品是苯醚类扰乱昆虫生长的昆虫生长调节剂,属保幼激素类似物的新型杀虫剂,具有内吸转移活性、低毒,持效期长,对作物安全,对鱼类低毒,对生态环境影响小的特点。对烟粉虱、介壳虫、小菜蛾、甜菜夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、梨黄木虱、蓟马等有良好的防治效果,同时本品对苍蝇、蚊虫等卫生害虫具有很好的防治效果。 具有抑制蚊、蝇幼虫化蛹和羽化作用。蚊、蝇幼虫接触该药剂,基本上都在蛹期死亡,不能羽化。该药剂持效期长达1个月左右,且使用方便,无异味,是较好的灭蚊、蝇药物。
制剂:0.5%灭幼宝颗粒剂、 0.5%灭幼宝颗粒剂 、10%可汗乳油
理化性质及规格:0.5%灭幼宝颗粒剂由吡丙醚、乳化剂、溶剂、载体、填充剂配制而成。本品为淡黄色颗粒剂,密度0.710.93,粒径297-590微米粉,水分<1%,常温贮存2年产品质量稳定。

毒性:
0.5%灭幼宝颗粒剂大鼠急性经口LD50>5000毫克/公斤,大鼠急性经皮LD50>2000毫克/公斤。

登记情况及厂家
吡丙醚最早在1989年由日本Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. 在公共卫生事业上登记使用,1995年开始在日本登记在农业上使用。在国外的应用非常普遍,包括日本住友化学株式会社等众多外国公司各种剂型的产品在全世界大部分国家和地区获得登记。吡丙醚作为卫生杀虫剂的有效成分登记,主要用于防治卫生害虫……蚊、蝇的幼虫孑孓和蛆。在中国,南通功成精细化工有限公司登记了该药的原药及制剂产品。


 

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pyriproxyfen
Insecticide
IRAC 7C; juvenile hormone mimic

  pyriproxyfen

NOMENCLATURE
Common name pyriproxyfen (BSI, draft E-ISO); no name (Sweden)
IUPAC name 4-phenoxyphenyl (RS)-2-(2-pyridyloxy)propyl ether
Chemical Abstracts name 2-[1-methyl-2-(4-phenoxyphenoxy)ethoxy]pyridine
CAS RN [95737-68-1] unstated stereochemistry Development codes S-9318; S-31183 (both Sumitomo)

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Mol. wt. 321.4 M.f. C20H19NO3 Form Colourless crystals; (tech. is a pale yellow, waxy solid, with a faint odour). M.p. 47 ºC V.p. <0.013 mPa (23 °C) KOW logP = 5.37 S.g./density 1.24 (25 ºC) Solubility In hexane 400, methanol 200, xylene 500 (all in g/kg, 20-25 ºC). F.p. 119 °C (Pensky-Martens closed test)

COMMERCIALISATION
History Insecticide introduced by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. First registered in Japan in 1989 for public health uses; first registered for agricultural use in Japan in 1995. Manufacturers Sumitomo

APPLICATIONS
Mode of action Insect growth regulator; suppressor of embryogenesis, inhibitor of metamorphosis and inhibitor of reproduction. Uses Control of public health insect pests (flies, beetles, midges, mosquitoes); applied to breeding sites (swamps, livestock houses, etc.). Also used for control of whitefly and thrips. Formulation types EC; GR; WG. Selected products: 'Sumilarv' (public health) (Sumitomo)

OTHER PRODUCTS
'Admiral' (Sumitomo); 'Atominal' (Sumitomo, Philagro); 'Epingle' (Sumitomo); 'Juvinal' (Sumitomo, Philagro); 'Lano' (Sumitomo); 'Nemesis' (Sumitomo); 'Distance' (Valent); 'Esteem' (Valent); 'Knack' (Valent, Sumitomo); 'Nylar' (cockroach and flea control) (MGK); 'Seize' (Valent)

ANALYSIS
Details from Sumitomo.

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Reviews FAO/WHO 86, 88, 92 (see part 2 of the Bibliography). Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats >5000 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >2000 mg/kg. Not an irritant to skin and eyes (rabbits). Not a skin sensitiser (guinea pigs). Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for rats >1300 mg/m3. ADI (JMPR) 0.1 mg/kg b.w. [1999, 2001]. Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) U

ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds Acute oral LD50 for mallard ducks and bobwhite quail >2000 mg/kg. Dietary LC50 for bobwhite quail and mallard ducks >5200 ppm. Fish LC50 (96 h) for rainbow trout >0.325 mg/l. Daphnia EC50 (48 h) 0.40 mg/l. Algae EC50 (72 h) for Selenastrum capricornutum 0.064 mg/l.