methoxyfenozide
Insecticide
IRAC 18; diacylhydrazine
NOMENCLATURE
Common name methoxyfenozide (BSI, pa ISO, ANSI)
IUPAC name N-tert-butyl-N'-(3-methoxy-o-toluoyl)-3,5-xylohydrazide
Chemical Abstracts name 3-methoxy-2-methylbenzoic acid 2-(3,5-dimethylbenzoyl)-2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)hydrazide
CAS RN [161050-58-4] Development codes RH-2485; RH-112,485 (both Rohm & Haas)
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Mol. wt. 368.5 M.f. C22H28N2O3 Form White powder. M.p. 204-205 °C V.p. <1.48 ´ 10-3 mPa (20 °C) KOW logP = 3.7 (shake flask) Henry <1.64 ´ 10-4 Pa m3 mol-1 (calc.) Solubility In water 3.3 mg/l. In DMSO 11, cyclohexanone 9.9, acetone 9 (all in g/100 g). Stability Stable at 25 °C and to hydrolysis at pH 5, 7 and 9.
COMMERCIALISATION
History Reported by D. P. Le et al. (Proc. Br. Crop Prot. Conf. - Pests Dis., 1996, 2, 481). First marketed in 1998. Patents US 5344958 Manufacturers Dow AgroSciences
APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Second generation ecdysone agonist. Causes cessation of feeding and premature lethal moult. Mode of action Active primarily by ingestion, also with contact and ovicidal activity. Does not have translaminar or phloem-systemic properties. Uses Control of lepidopterous larvae, in vines, tree fruits, vegetables and row crops, at 20 - 300 g/ha. Formulation types SC; WP. Selected products: 'Intrepid' (Dow AgroSciences); 'Runner' (Dow AgroSciences)
OTHER PRODUCTS
'Prodigy' (Dow AgroSciences)
MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats and mice >5000 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >5000 mg/kg. Not irritating to eyes; slightly irritating to skin (rabbits). Not a skin sensitiser (guinea pigs). Inhalation LC50 for rats >4.3 mg/l. NOEL (24 mo) for rats 10 mg/kg daily; (18 mo) for mice 1020 mg/kg daily; (1 y) for dogs 9.8 mg/kg daily. ADI 0.1 mg/kg (proposed). Other Negative in Ames test and a battery of other mutagenicity and genotoxicity studies. Toxicity class EPA (formulation) IV
ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds Acute oral LD50 for bobwhite quail >2250 mg/kg. Dietary LC50 (8 d) for mallard ducks and bobwhite quail >5620 mg/kg diet. Fish LC50 (96 h) for bluegill sunfish >4.3, rainbow trout >4.2 mg/l. Daphnia LC50 (48 h) 3.7 mg/l. Algae EC50 (96 and 120 h) for Selenastrum >3.4 mg/l. Bees Non-toxic (oral and contact) at 100 mg/bee. Worms LC50 for earthworms (14 d) >1213 mg/kg soil. Other beneficial spp. Not toxic to a range of insect species.
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Animals Rapidly absorbed, metabolised via phase II conjugation and eliminated. Soil/Environment Photolytic DT50 in pond water 77 d. Soil photolysis DT50 173 d; aerobic soil metabolism DT50 336-1100 d (4 soil types); field DT50 23-268 d (10 studies).
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