Hexazinone 环嗪酮

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环嗪酮

中文名称:环嗪酮
英文通用名:hexazinone
中文别名:林草净;威尔柏;3-环己基-6-二甲氨基-1-甲基-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4-二酮;3-环己基-6-(二甲基氨基)-1-甲基-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4-(1H,3H)-二酮
CAS 编号:51235-04-2
分子式:C12H20N4O2
分子量:252.31
结构式:
水溶性:3.3 g/100 mL
外观:纯品为白色结晶固体
熔点:115-117℃
蒸气压:2.7×10-3Pa (25℃)、8.5×10-3Pa (86℃)
相对密度:1.25。
毒性:对人畜低毒
大鼠急性经:口LD50>1690毫克/公斤
健康危害:对眼睛有严重刺激作用,对皮肤无致敏作用,在慢性毒性试验中未见异常。对鱼类及鸟类低毒。
剂型:25%水可溶剂、10%颗粒剂。
特点:是内吸选择性除草剂,植物根、叶都能吸收,主要通过木质部传导,对松树根部没有伤害,是优良的林用除草剂。药效进程较慢,杂草1个月,灌木2个月,乔木3-10个月。
适用范围:适用于常绿针叶林,如红松、樟子松、云杉、马尾松等幼林抚育。造林前除草灭灌、维护森林防火线及林分改造等,可防除大部分单子叶和双子叶杂草及木本植物黄花忍冬、珍珠梅、榛子、柳叶绣线菊、刺五加、山杨、木桦、椴、水曲柳、黄波罗、核桃揪等。

使用方法
1.造林前整地(除草灭灌)使用:东北林区在6月中旬至7月中旬用药,用喷枪喷射各植树点。灌木密集林地用3毫升/点,可用水稀释1-2倍,也可用制剂直接点射。20-45天后形成无草穴。
2.幼林抚育使用:6月中下旬或7月上旬用药,平均每株树用药0.25-0.5毫升,用水稀释4-6倍喷雾。
3.消灭非目的树种:在树根周围点射,每株10cm胸径树木,点射8-10毫升25%水溶剂。
4.维护森林防火道:每公顷用25%水可溶剂6L,对水150-300公斤喷雾。个别残存灌木和杂草,可再点射补足药量。
5.林分改造:可用飞机撒施10%颗粒剂,除去非目的树种。

注意事项
1.最好在雨季前用药。
2.对水稀释药液时,温度不可过低,否则药剂溶解不好,影响药效。
3.使用时注意树种,落叶松敏感,不能使用。

 

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hexazinone
Herbicide
HRAC C1 WSSA 5; 1,2,4-triazinone

  Hexazinone

NOMENCLATURE
Common name hexazinone (BSI, E-ISO, (m) F-ISO, ANSI, WSSA)
IUPAC name 3-cyclohexyl-6-dimethylamino-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-(1H,3H)-dione
Chemical Abstracts name 3-cyclohexyl-6-(dimethylamino)-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-(1H,3H)-dione
CAS RN [51235-04-2] EEC no. 257-074-4 Development codes DPX A3674 (DuPont)

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Mol. wt. 252.3 M.f. C12H20N4O2 Form Colourless, odourless crystals. M.p. 113.5 °C (purity >98%) B.p. Decomposes on distillation. V.p. 0.03 mPa (extrapolated) (25 ºC); 8.5 mPa (86 ºC) KOW logP = 1.2 (pH 7) S.g./density 1.25 Solubility In water 33 g/kg (25 ºC). In chloroform 3880, methanol 2650, benzene 940, dimethylformamide 836, acetone 792, toluene 386, hexane 3 (all in g/kg, 25 ºC). Stability Stable in aqueous media between pH 5 and pH 9 and below 37 ºC. Decomposed by strong acids and strong alkalis. Stable to light. pKa 2.2 (25 °C)

COMMERCIALISATION
History Herbicide reported by T. J. Hernandez et al. (Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf., 1974, p. 138). Introduced by E. I. du Pont de Nemours Co.; first registered in USA in 1975. Patents US 3902887 Manufacturers DuPont; Milenia

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Photosynthetic electron transport inhibitor at the photosystem II receptor site. Mode of action Non-selective, primarily contact herbicide, absorbed by the leaves and roots, with translocation acropetally. Uses A post-emergence contact herbicide effective against many annual and biennial weeds and, except for Sorghum halepense, most perennial weeds, at 6-12 kg/ha. Used for selective control in alfalfa, pineapples, sugar cane and in plantations of certain coniferous species; also on non-crop areas, but not on sites adjacent to deciduous trees or other desirable plants. Phytotoxicity Should not be used for weed control in larch (Larix spp.) or in areas planted with deciduous species. Formulation types GR; SL; SP. Selected products: 'Velpar' (DuPont)

OTHER PRODUCTS
'Pronone' (Pro-Serve) mixtures: 'Oustar' (+ sulfometuron-methyl) (DuPont); 'Hexaron' (+ diuron) (Milenia)

ANALYSIS
Product analysis by hplc or by glc with FID (C. L. McIntosh et al., Anal. Methods Pestic. Plant Growth Regul., 1984, 13, 267). Residues determined by glc (idem, ibid.; R. F. Holt, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1981, 29, 165). In drinking water, by glc with NPD (AOAC Methods, 17th Ed., 991.07).

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats 1690, guinea pigs 860 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rabbits >5278 mg/kg. Reversible irritant to eyes (rabbits); non-irritating to skin (guinea pigs). Inhalation LC50 (1 h) for rats >7.48 mg/l. NOEL (2 y) for rats 200, mice 200 ppm; (1 y) for dogs 200 ppm. ADI 0.05 mg/kg b.w. Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) III; EPA (formulation) II EC classification Xn; R22| Xi; R36| N; R50, R53

ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds Acute oral LD50 for bobwhite quail 2258 mg/kg. Dietary LC50 (8 d) for bobwhite quail and mallard ducklings >10 000 mg/kg diet. Fish LC50 (96 h) for rainbow trout >320, bluegill sunfish >370 mg/l. Daphnia LC50 (48 h) 442 mg/l. Algae EC50 (120 h) for Selenastrum capricornutum 0.007, for Anabaena flos-aquae 0.210 mg/l. Other aquatic spp. EC50 (14 d) for Lemna gibba 0.034 mg/l. Bees Not toxic to bees; LD50 >60 mg/bee.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Animals Major urinary metabolites in rats are 3-(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)-6-(dimethylamino)-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-(1H,3H)-dione, 3-cyclohexyl-6-(methylamino)-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-(1H,3H)-dione, and 3-(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)-6-(methylamino)-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-(1H,3H)-dione. Soil/Environment Microbial degradation occurs in soil and natural waters. The triazine ring is broken, with the liberation of CO2. DT50 in soil c. 1-6 mo, depending on climate and soil type.