Flutriafol 粉唑醇

粉唑醇

【中文名称】粉唑醇
【英文名称】 Flutriafol
【化学名称 】 2，4′-二氟－α－(1h-1,2,4-三唑－1基甲)二苯基甲醇 IUPAC name (RS)-2,4'-difluoro-α-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)benzhydryl alcohol
【MF】C16H13F2N3O
【MW】301.29
【CAS】76674-21-0
【熔点（℃）】130
【蒸气压（Pa）】7.1x 10-6 mPa(20℃)
【毒性LD50(mg/kg)】
大鼠急性经口LD50：雄鼠1140，词数1480；急性经皮大于1000。对兔眼睛轻微刺激。在哺乳动物细胞中进行的试验表明，无诱变性。对鲤鱼和鳟鱼的LC5061mg/L。
【性状】
纯品为白色晶状固体
【溶解情况】
溶解度（20～23℃）；水中130mg/L(pH 7, 20 °C). ，在有机溶剂中溶解度(g/L:）丙酮中190、甲醇中69、二氯甲烷中150、二甲苯中12g/L。
【用途】
粉唑醇是一种广谱性内吸杀菌剂，对担子菌和子囊菌引起的多种病害具有良好的保护和治疗作用，可有效地防治麦类作物白粉病、锈病、黑穗病、玉米黑穗病等。

flutriafol
Fungicide
FRAC 3, G1; DMI: triazole

NOMENCLATURE
Common name flutriafol (BSI, ANSI, draft E-ISO, (m) draft F-ISO)
IUPAC name (RS)-2,4'-difluoro-a-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)benzhydryl alcohol
Chemical Abstracts name (?-a-(2-fluorophenyl)-a-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol
CAS RN [76674-21-0] Development codes PP450 (ICI)

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Mol. wt. 301.3 M.f. C16H13F2N3O Form White, crystalline solid. M.p. 130 ºC V.p. 7.1 ´ 10-6 mPa (20 ºC) KOW logP = 2.3 (20 ºC) Henry 1.65 ´ 10-8 Pa m3 mol-1 (calc.) S.g./density 1.41 g/ml (25 ºC) Solubility In water 130 mg/l (pH 7, 20 ºC). In acetone 190, dichloromethane 150, methanol 69, xylene 12, hexane 0.3 (all in g/l, 20 ºC).

COMMERCIALISATION
History Fungicide reported by A. M. Skidmore et al. (Proc. 10th Int. Congr. Plant Prot., 1983, 1, 368) and P. J. Northwood et al. (ibid., 1983, 3, 930). Introduced by ICI Plant Protection Division (now Syngenta AG) and first marketed in 1983. Sold to Cheminova in 2001. Patents EP 15756

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Inhibits ergosterol biosynthesis (steroid demethylation inhibitor), causing fungal cell wall collapse and inhibition of hyphal growth. Mode of action Contact and systemic fungicide with eradicant and protective action. Absorbed by the foliage, with translocation acropetally in the xylem. Uses Control of a broad spectrum of leaf and ear diseases (including Erysiphe graminis, Rhynchosporium secalis, and Septoria, Puccinia, and Helminthosporium spp.) in cereals, at 125 g/ha. Also used in non-mercurial seed treatment formulations to control the major soil-borne and seed-borne diseases of cereals. Formulation types SC. Selected products: 'Impact' (Cheminova); mixtures: 'Vincit' (+ imazalil+ thiabendazole) (Cheminova)

OTHER PRODUCTS
'Atout' (Stähler, Cheminova); 'Cicero' (Cheminova); 'Pointer' (Cheminova) mixtures: 'Early Impact' (+ carbendazim) (Cheminova); 'Halo' (+ chlorothalonil) (Cheminova); 'Impact Excel' (+ chlorothalonil) (Cheminova); 'Pacer' (+ carbendazim) (Cheminova); 'Palette' (+ carbendazim) (Cheminova); 'Prospa' (+ chlorothalonil) (Cheminova); 'Vincit FS' (+ imazalil+ thiabendazole) (Stähler, Cheminova) Discontinued products mixtures: 'Ferrax' * (+ thiabendazole+ ethirimol) (seed) (Syngenta, Cheminova); 'Pacer' * (+ carbendazim) (Zeneca); 'Palette' * (+ carbendazim) (Zeneca); 'PP 375' * (+ chlorothalonil) (Zeneca)

ANALYSIS
Residues by glc; details from Syngenta.

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral Acute oral LD50 for male rats 1140, female rats 1480 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >1000, rabbits >2000 mg/kg. Mild eye irritant; non-irritating to skin (rabbits). Not a skin sensitiser. Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for rats >3.5 mg/l. NOEL In 90 d feeding trials, rats receiving 2 mg/kg diet, and dogs receiving 5 mg/kg daily showed no ill-effects. Non-teratogenic in rats and rabbits. Other Non-cytogenic in in vivo studies. Non-mutagenic in the Ames assay. Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) III; EPA (formulation) III EC classification (Xn; R20/21/22| R52, R53)

ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds Acute oral LD50 for female mallard ducks >5000 mg/kg. Dietary LC50 (5 d) for mallard ducks 3940, Japanese quail 6350 mg/kg. Fish LC50 (96 h) for rainbow trout 61, mirror carp 77 mg/l. NOEC 6.2 mg/l. Daphnia LC50 (48 h) 78 mg/l. Bees Low toxicity to honeybees. Acute oral LD50 >5 mg/bee. Worms LC50 (14 d) >1000 mg/kg.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Soil/Environment Flutriafol has no effect on microbial populations, or on the carbon or nitrogen transformations occurring in the soil.