Ethoxysulfuron 乙氧磺隆,乙氧嘧磺隆

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乙氧磺隆  

中文名:乙氧磺隆   
中文其他名称:乙氧嘧磺隆、太阳星   
英文名:ethoxysulfuron   
化学名称:1-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)-3-(2-乙氧基苯氧磺酰基)脲   
英文化学名:1-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-y1)-3-(2-ethoxyphenoxysulfonyl)urea   
分子式:C15N4SO7H18   
相对分子质量:398.39   
CAS号:126801-58-9   
化学结构类型:磺酰脲类

理化性质:淡灰色细粉末,密度1.48,熔点141~147℃。溶解度:正己烷0.0068g/L,甲苯2.5g/L,丙酮36g/L,二氯甲烷107g/L,甲醇7.7g/L,异丙醇1.0g/L,乙酸乙酯14.1g/L,二甲亚砜>500g/L,水26.4mg/L。   
作用机理:乙氧磺隆为分支链氨基酸合成(ALS 或 AHAS)抑制剂。通过阻断基本氨基酸缬氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成,从而阻止细胞分裂和植物生长。具有很好的选择性,用于防治水稻田莎草和一年生阔叶杂草。   

毒性:大白鼠急性经口LD50>3270mg/kg,大鼠急性经皮LD50<4000mg/kg.对兔的眼睛和皮肤均无刺激作用。   
中毒急救:如药液溅到身上,立即用肥皂水清洗,如溅到眼睛,立即用水清洗15分钟。无特殊解毒药,误服神智清醒时可催吐,必要时携标签送医院对症治疗。   
环境影响:野鸭LD50>2000mg/kg b.w.,北美鹑LD50>2000mg/kg b.w.蚕(经口)LD50>5000ppm,>500μg, LD50>1000μg ai,对蜂无毒。稻田水中半衰期1.5~9天,表层水30~31天;土壤中半衰期15天(好气),10~60天(稻田)。

制剂: 可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂。
作用机理: 乙氧嘧磺隆与其它磺酰脲类除草剂一样是乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)的抑制剂。通过杂草根和叶吸收,在植株体内传导,杂草即停止生长,而后枯死。
适宜作物: 小麦、水稻、甘蔗等。
安全性: 对小麦、水稻、甘蔗等安全,且对后茬作物无影响。
防除对象: 乙氧嘧磺隆主要用于防除阔叶杂草和莎草科杂草。
使用方法: 使用剂量因作物、地区、季节不同而不同,为10~120克有效成分/公顷。在中国水稻田使用剂量为6.75~31.5克有效成分/公顷,南方稻田用低量,北方稻田用高量。小麦田与其它除草剂混用可扩大杀草谱。

 

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ethoxysulfuron
Herbicide
HRAC B WSSA 2; sulfonylurea

  ethoxysulfuron

NOMENCLATURE
Common name ethoxysulfuron (BSI, pa ISO)
IUPAC name 1-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-3-(2-ethoxyphenoxysulfonyl)urea
Chemical Abstracts name 2-ethoxyphenyl [[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]sulfamate
CAS RN [126801-58-9] Development codes Hoe 095404 (Hoechst); Hoe-404 (Hoechst)

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Mol. wt. 398.4 M.f. C15H18N4O7S Form White to beige powder. M.p. 144-147 °C V.p. 6.6 ´ 10-2 mPa KOW logP = 2.89 (pH 3), 0.004 (pH 7), -1.2 (pH 9) (20 °C) Henry (calc.) 1.00 ´ 10-3 (pH 5); 1.94 ´ 10-5 (pH 7); 2.73 ´ 10-6 (pH 9) Pa m3 mol-1 (20 °C) Solubility In water 26 (pH 5), 1353 (pH 7), 9628 (pH 9) ppm (20 °C). Stability Hydrolytic DT50 65 d (pH 5), 259 d (pH 7), 331 d (pH 9).

COMMERCIALISATION
History Reported by E. Hacker et al. (Proc. Br. Crop Prot. Conf. - Weeds, 1995, 1, 73). Manufacturers Bayer CropScience

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Branched chain amino acid synthesis (ALS or AHAS) inhibitor. Acts by inhibiting biosynthesis of the essential amino acids valine and isoleucine, hence stopping cell division and plant growth. Selectivity is due to differential metabolism in crop and weed (H Köcher & G Dickerhof, Proc. Br. Crop Prot. Conf. - Weeds, 1995, 1, 249). Metabolic basis of crop selectivity in sulfonylureas reviewed (M. K. Koeppe & H. M. Brown, Agro-Food-Industry, 6, 9-14 (1995)). Uses Under development for broad-leaved and sedge weed control in cereals, rice and sugar cane, at 10-120 g/ha. Formulation types WG.

OTHER PRODUCTS
'Sunrice' (Bayer CropScience); 'Sunrise' (Bayer CropScience); 'Sunstar' (Bayer CropScience) mixtures: 'Pulgman' (+ pretilachlor+ daimuron) (Bayer CropScience); 'Sanattack' (+ cafenstrole) (Sankyo Agro); 'Topran' (+ pretilachlor+ pyrazolynate) (Bayer CropScience) Discontinued products mixtures: 'Bingo' * (+ anilofos+ benfuresate+ daimuron) (Aventis); 'Goku-Jumbo' * (+ anilofos+ daimuron) (Aventis); 'Kimanmae' * (+ anilofos+ daimuron) (Aventis); 'Kita-bingo' * (+ anilofos+ benfuresate) (Aventis)

ANALYSIS
Methods for sulfonylurea residues in crops, soil and water reviewed (A. C. Barefoot et al., Proc. Br. Crop Prot. Conf. - Weeds, 1995, 2, 707).

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats >3270 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats <4000 mg/kg. Not irritating to eyes or skin (rats). Other Not mutagenic (Ames). EC classification N; R50, R53

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Soil/Environment In lab. tests, DT50 in biologically active soil is c. 18-20 d. Under paddy conditions, DT50 is 10-60 d.