Diniconazole 烯唑醇

烯唑醇

烯唑醇简介
其他中文名：速保利
英文通用名：diniconazole
分子式：C15H17Cl2N3O
CA登记证号：83657-24-3
农药类别：杀菌剂
化学分类：唑类
作用方式：保护、治疗和内吸
化学名称：(E)-(RS)-1-(2, 4-二氯苯基)-4,4-二甲基-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-1烯-3-醇
分析方法：气谱法,液谱法(Sumitomo Chemical Co.,Ltd)
理化性质：无色晶体，熔点约134至156℃，蒸气压2.93mPa(20℃)，4.9mPa(25℃)，密度 1.32(20℃)，水中溶解度4mg/L(25℃)，丙酮、甲醇95，二甲苯14，己烷0.7 (g/kg，25℃)，光、热和潮湿稳定。
毒性：低毒

烯唑醇特点及使用
作用特点：属三唑类杀菌剂，在真菌的麦角甾醇生物合成中抑制14α－脱甲基化作用， 引起麦角甾醇缺乏，导致真菌细胞膜不正常，最终真菌死亡，持效期长久。 对人畜、有益昆虫、环境安全。是具有保护、治疗、铲除作用的广谱性杀菌剂；对于囊菌、担子菌引起的多种植物病害如白粉病、锈病、黑粉病、黑星病等有特效。
另外，还对尾孢霉、球腔菌、核盘菌、菌核菌、丝核菌引起的病害有良效。
烯唑醇毒性，纯品大鼠急性经口LD50为639毫克／千克，对兔眼有轻微刺激作用，对鱼类毒性中等，对鸟类LD50为1 500～2 000毫克／千克。

【剂型】12．5％超微可湿性粉剂。
【使用方法】防治花卉、草坪草锈病，白绢病等用12．5％可湿性粉剂3 000－4 000倍液；防治梨黑腥病3 500～4 000倍液。 防治小麦白粉病、水稻纹枯病用量32-64克/亩。
【注意事项】施药过程避免药剂沾染皮肤；药剂应存放在阴凉干燥处；施药后，对少数植物有抑制生长现象。

diniconazole
Fungicide
FRAC 3, G1; DMI: triazole

NOMENCLATURE
diniconazole
Common name diniconazole (BSI, ANSI, draft E-ISO, (m) draft F-ISO)
IUPAC name (E)-(RS)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol
Chemical Abstracts name (E)-(?-b-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methylene]-a-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol
CAS RN [83657-24-3]; [76714-88-0] (E)- isomers Development codes S-3308 L (Sumitomo); XE-779 (Chevron)

diniconazole-M
IUPAC name (E)-(R)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol
CAS RN [83657-18-5]; [83657-19-6] (E)-(S)- isomer

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
diniconazole
Mol. wt. 326.2 M.f. C15H17Cl2N3O Form Colourless crystals. M.p. c. 134-156 ºC V.p. 2.93 mPa (20 ºC); 4.9 mPa (25 ºC) KOW logP = 4.3 (25 ºC) S.g./density 1.32 (20 ºC) Solubility In water 4 mg/l (25 ºC). In acetone, methanol 95, xylene 14, hexane 0.7 (all in g/kg, 25 ºC). Stability Stable to heat, light, and moisture.

diniconazole-M
Mol. wt. 326.2 M.f. C15H17Cl2N3O

COMMERCIALISATION
History Fungicide reported by H. Takano et al. (Noyaku Kagaku, 1983, 8, 575); diniconazole-M is more potent than diniconazole. Introduced by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd and Valent.

diniconazole
Patents US 4203995; GB 2004276 Manufacturers Sumitomo

diniconazole-M
Patents US 4435203; EP 54431 Manufacturers Sumitomo

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Steroid demethylation (ergosterol biosynthesis) inhibitor. Mode of action Systemic fungicide with protective and curative action. Uses Control of leaf and ear diseases (e.g. powdery mildew, Septoria, Fusarium, smuts, bunt, rusts, scab, etc.) in cereals; powdery mildew in vines; powdery mildew, rust, and black spot in roses; leaf spot in peanuts; Sigatoka disease in bananas; and Uredinales in coffee. Also used on fruit, vegetables, and other ornamentals. Formulation types EC; SC; WG; WP.

diniconazole
Selected products: 'Spotless' (Sumitomo); 'Sumi-8' (Sumitomo)

OTHER PRODUCTS
diniconazole
'Dinizol' (AgroSan); 'Embassador' (Sanonda)

ANALYSIS
Product analysis details available from Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. Residues determined by glc with FTD.

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
diniconazole
Oral Acute oral LD50 for male rats 639, female rats 474 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >5000 mg/kg. Mild eye irritant; non-irritating to skin (rabbits). Not a skin sensitiser (guinea pigs). Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for rats >2770 mg/m3. Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) III; EPA (formulation) III EC classification Xn; R22| N; R50, R53 ((E)- isomers)

ECOTOXICOLOGY
diniconazole
Birds Acute oral LD50 for bobwhite quail 1490, mallard ducks >2000 mg/kg. Dietary LC50 (8 d) for mallard ducks 5075 mg/kg diet. Fish LC50 (96 h) for rainbow trout 1.58, Japanese killifish 6.84, carp 4.0 mg/l. Bees Acute contact LD50 for bees >20 mg/bee.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Animals In rats, following oral administration, diniconazole is rapidly metabolised by hydroxylation of the tert-butyl methyl groups. Within 7 days, 52-87% is excreted in the faeces and 13-46% in the urine. Plants Half-life in cereals is a few weeks.