Dazomet 棉隆

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棉隆

理化性质
通用名称:棉隆dazomet
商品名称:必速灭(Basamid)
化学名称:四氢化-3,5-二甲基-2H-1,3,5-噻二嗪-2-硫酮 
其他名称:垄鑫 
分子式:C5H10N2S2
分子量:162.3
CAS: 533-74-4
剂型: 98%-100%微粒剂

毒性
属低毒杀线虫剂。原药雄性大鼠急性口服LD50420-588mg/kg,兔急性经皮LD502360-2600mg/kg。对兔皮肤无刺激作用,对眼粘膜有轻微刺激作用。在试验剂量下对动物无致畸、致癌、致突变作用。对鱼类毒性中等,对蜜蜂和鸟类无毒。

适用范围
1 温室、大棚、塑料拱棚
2 部分大田(生姜、山药等)
3 苗床 苗圃(烟草 花卉 草莓 人参等)
4 各种基质、盆景土、菇床土
5 种子繁育基地
6 特别适合于多年连茬种植的土壤

作用原理
“棉隆”是一种高效、低毒、无残留的环保型广谱性综合土壤熏蒸消毒剂。
施用于潮湿的土壤中时,在土壤中分解成有毒的异硫氰酸甲酯、甲醛和硫化氢等,迅速扩散至土壤颗粒间,有效地杀灭土壤中各种线虫、病原菌、地下害虫及萌发的杂草种子,从而达到清洁土壤的效果。

使用方法
先进行旋耕整地,浇水保持土壤湿度,每亩用98%微粒剂20-30kg,进行沟施或撒施,旋耕机旋耕均匀 ,盖膜密封20天以上,揭开膜敞气15天后播种。

使用关键技术
1 整地要细
2 土壤湿度适中(40%-70%)
3 施药均匀
4 使用正确的塑料布
5 保持一定的覆盖时间
6 确保敞气时间,无残留药害

使用棉隆的优越性
重茬种植3-5年后,由于线虫和土传病害的危害,产量大幅度下降,土壤消毒可恢复产量
土壤消毒后可大幅度的提高产量
减少地上部分的病虫害
提高作物的品质
无农药残留问题,减少地上部分喷农药的次数

注意事项
1. 施用土壤后受土壤温湿度以及土壤结构影响较大,使用时土壤温度应大于12℃,12-30℃最宜,土壤湿度大于40%(湿度以手捏土能成团,1米高度掉地后能散开为标准)。
2. 为避免土壤受二次感染,农家肥(鸡粪等)一定要在消毒前加入
3.因为棉隆具有灭生性的原理,所以生物药肥不能同时使用

产品介绍
作为一个低毒无残留的土壤消毒剂,棉隆一直是目前市场的主导产品。
国外德国巴斯夫最早将“必速灭”—— 棉隆引入中国市场。后经技术转让给中国华源集团(国际)有限公司。后华源集团授权南通施壮化工有限公司生产。 国内证件目前有两家,一家是江苏南通施壮化工有限公司,另一家是浙江海正化工股份有限公司。巴斯夫在中国国内将技术卖给了中国华源集团,而在日本,卖给了日本三井株式会社。后来,日本三井株式会社又将技术转让给了浙江海正化工股份有限公司。所以,目前国内可生产原药厂家有两家。制剂证件只有一家,那就是南通施壮。但是,技术虽然转让,作为当初巴斯夫引入中国时用的商标“必速灭”,不随技术转让。目前由中国华源集团(国际)有限公司最终控制此商标。必速灭与普通棉隆的生产也多少存在一定差异,目前出口至德国的棉隆,跟之前大中华区销售的“必速灭”是相同生产标准。

 

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dazomet
Nematicide, fungicide, herbicide, insecticide
HRAC Z

  Dazomet

NOMENCLATURE
Common name dazomet (BSI, E-ISO, (m) F-ISO, WSSA, JMAF); tiazon (USSR); DMTT* (former WSSA name)
IUPAC name 3,5-dimethyl-1,3,5-thiadiazinane-2-thione; tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione
Chemical Abstracts name tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione
CAS RN [533-74-4] EEC no. 208-576-7 Development codes N-521 (Stauffer); Crag Fungicide 974 (Rhône-Poulenc); BAS 002 01N (BASF)

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Composition ³94% pure. Mol. wt. 162.3 M.f. C5H10N2S2 Form Colourless crystals. M.p. 104-105 ºC (decomp.; tech. grade) V.p. 0.37 mPa (20 ºC) KOW logP = 0.63 (pH 7) Henry 2.69 ´ 10-5 Pa m3 mol-1 S.g./density 1.37 (tech.) Solubility In water 3 g/kg (20 ºC). In cyclohexane 400, chloroform 391, acetone 173, benzene 51, ethanol 15, diethyl ether 6 (all in g/kg, 20 ºC). Stability Stable at temperatures up to 35 ºC. Sensitive to temperatures >50 ºC, and to moisture.

COMMERCIALISATION
History Originally prepared by M. Delépine (Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1897, 15, 891), later introduced as a soil fumigant. Manufacturers BASF

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Non-selective inhibition of enzymes by degradation products. Mode of action A pre-planting soil fumigant, acting by decomposition to methyl isothiocyanate. Uses Soil sterilant, applied prior to planting out crops, at 200-600 kg/ha. Controls soil fungi (Fusarium, Pythium, Rhizoctonia, Sclerotinia and Verticillium spp. and Colletotrichum coccodes), nematodes, germinating weed seeds, bacteria and soil insects. Also used as a slimicide in pulp and paper manufacture, and as a preservative in adhesives and glues. Phytotoxicity Highly phytotoxic to all green plants. Treated soils should not be planted until shown to be free of dazomet and its degradation products. Formulation types GR. Selected products: 'Basamid' (BASF); 'Dacron' (Vapco)

OTHER PRODUCTS
'Dazoberg' (Diachem) Discontinued products: 'Mylone' * (Union Carbide)

ANALYSIS
Product determination of the active ingredient by HPLC (CIPAC Handbook, J, 37 (2000), method 146/TC/M). Residues of parent compound in soil by hplc; of methyl isothiocyanate in crops by glc. Details available from BASF.

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats 520, male mice 455, female mice 710, rabbits 320-620 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >2000 mg/kg; DP formulation is a skin and eye irritant to rabbits. Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for rats 8.4 mg/l air. NOEL in rats 20 mg/kg diet. ADI 0.009 mg/kg b.w. (BASF proposed) Other Not oncogenic. Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) III; EPA (formulation) III EC classification Xn; R22| Xi; R36| N; R50, R53

ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds LD50 for bobwhite quail 415 mg/kg b.w. LC50 for bobwhite quail 1850, mallard ducks >5000 mg/kg diet. Fish LC50 (96 h) 0.16 mg/l. Daphnia EC50 (48 h) 0.3 mg/l. Algae EC50 (96 h) for Scenedesmus subspicatus 1.0 mg/l. Other aquatic spp. EC10 (17 h) for Pseudomonas putida 1.8 mg/l. Bees Not toxic to bees when used as directed. Worms Toxic to worms (used as a soil sterilant).

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Plants Following application to strawberries, no residues of dazomet or of its degradation products methyl isothiocyanate, dimethyl- or monomethylthiourea were detected at >0.01 ppm in the fruit. Soil/Environment In soil DT50 <1 d, in water DT50 <10 h (pH >5). In soil, in the presence of moisture, degrades to methyl isocyanate, formaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide and methylamine.