Cyanophos 杀螟腈

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杀螟腈

CAS:2636-26-2
英文名称:cyanophos;Cyanox
化学名称:硫逐磷酸O,O`-二甲基-O-(对氰基苯基)酯
其他名称:氰硫磷
分子式: C9H10NO3PS2
分子量:243.13

理化性质:纯品是淡黄色液体,密度1.260,熔点14-15℃,折射率1.5413(25℃)。工业品是棕红色液体,含量90%以上。几乎不溶于水和直链烃。易溶于醇、醚、酯和芳烃。溶解性(30℃):水46mg/ kg,(20℃)己烷27 g/kg,甲醇、二甲苯>1kg/kg,与丙酮、苯、氯仿、环己醇、乙醇等有机溶剂互溶。稳定性:在通常条件下贮存两年是稳定的,对强碱不稳定。

毒性:毒性只有对硫磷的1%~2%。大白鼠急性经口毒性为565mg/kg,大白鼠急性经皮毒性LD50为800mg/kg以上。鲤鱼的TLm(24h)为5.2mg/L,泥鳅鱼TLm(48h)为26mg/L。

作用特点及杀虫谱:是一种有机磷类广谱、低毒杀虫剂,具有触杀、胃毒和内吸作用。杀虫作用速度快,残效期长。特别对水稻螟虫、稻苞虫、稻飞虱、稻纵卷叶虫、叶蝉、粘虫等防治效果更为显著。以25~50g有效成分/100L剂量可有效的防治果树、蔬菜和观赏植物上的鳞翅目害虫,也可防治蟑螂、苍蝇和蚊子之类的卫生害虫。

使用方法:防治水稻二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟、稻苞虫、蓟马、叶蝉,每亩用50%乳油l00—150毫升在虫卵盛孵期对水喷雾。防治蔬菜蚜虫、菜青虫、粘虫、黄条象甲、红蜘蛛,每亩用50%乳油100一150毫升对水喷雾。防治大豆食心虫、棉铃虫、玉米螟,每亩用2%粉剂2—2.5公斤喷粉。防治甜菜夜蛾,用50%乳油800—1000倍液喷雾。每亩用2%粉剂0.75—1公斤配毒土撒施,防治稻苞虫、稻螟、稻叶蝉、稻蓟马均有很好效果。每亩用2%粉剂2公斤加细土10公斤拌匀撤施,防治4龄稻纵卷叶螟效果很好。
杀螟脂对瓜类易产生药害,不宜使用。

剂型:50%乳油、2%粉剂、1%液剂、5%乳剂。

生产方法:4-氰基苯酚与O,O-二甲基硫赶磷酰氯反应制备。

如23.8g4-氰基酚和27.6g无水碳酸钾的200ml甲基异丁酮(或甲苯)的溶液中,60℃搅拌下,滴加32.2gO,O-二甲基氯代硫逐磷酸酯,加毕,在60~80℃继续搅拌8h至反应毕。加水溶解沉淀的无机化合物,分离有机层,用水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,真空蒸馏蒸除溶剂,得到45.2g红棕色油状物,经活性炭-活性氧化铝层析柱净化,的黄色油状物(折射率为1.5457(21.2℃))。对氰基苯酚由对羟基苯甲酸与尿素、五硫化二磷于50~300℃反应制备。

消耗定额:4-氰基苯酚0.53,无水碳酸钾0.62,O,O-二甲基硫赶磷酰氯0.72。

生产情况:浙江禾本农药化学有限公司;山东普方化工有限公司;
 

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cyanophos
Insecticide
IRAC 1B; organophosphate

  Cyanophos

NOMENCLATURE
Common name cyanophos (BSI, E-ISO, (m) F-ISO); CYAP (JMAF)
IUPAC name O-4-cyanophenyl O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate; 4-(dimethoxyphosphinothioyloxy)benzonitrile
Chemical Abstracts name O-(4-cyanophenyl) O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate
CAS RN [2636-26-2] EEC no. 220-130-3 Development codes S-4084 (Sumitomo) Official codes OMS 226; OMS 869

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Mol. wt. 243.2 M.f. C9H10NO3PS Form Yellow to reddish liquid with a faint characteristic odour. B.p. Decomposes at 119-120 ºC V.p. 105 mPa (20 ºC) KOW logP = 2.65 (room temperature) S.g./density 1.255-1.265 (25 ºC) Solubility In water 46 mg/l (30 ºC). In methanol, acetone, chloroform >50% (20 ºC). F.p. 104 ºC

COMMERCIALISATION
History Insecticide reported by Y. Nishizawa (Agric. Biol. Chem., 1961, 25, 597). Introduced by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. Patents JP 405852; JP 415199; US 3150040; US 3792132 Manufacturers Sumitomo

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Cholinesterase inhibitor. Uses Insecticide, used at 25-50 g/hl, to control Aphididae, Coccidae, Diaspididae, Lepidoptera and Margarodidae in cotton, fruit and vegetables. Used to control locusts and sanitary pests such as Blattodea, Culicidae and Muscidae. Formulation types DP; EC; UL; WP. Selected products: 'Cyanox' (Sumitomo)

ANALYSIS
Product analysis by glc or by u.v. spectrometry. Residues determined by glc with FTD. Details available from Sumitomo.

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral Acute oral LD50 for male rats 710, female rats 730 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >2000 mg/kg. Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for rats >1500 mg/m3. Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) II; EPA (formulation) III EC classification Xn; R21/22| N; R50, R53

ECOTOXICOLOGY
Fish LC50 (48 h) for carp 5 mg/l. Bees Toxic to honeybees.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
EHC 63 (WHO, 1986; a general review of organophosphorus insecticides).