| cafenstroleHerbicide
 HRAC  K3 WSSA  15
 
     
 NOMENCLATURE Common name cafenstrole (pa ISO)
 IUPAC name N,N-diethyl-3-mesitylsulfonyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-carboxamide
 Chemical Abstracts name N,N-diethyl-3-[(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)sulfonyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-carboxamide
 CAS RN [125306-83-4]  Development codes CH-900 (Chugai)
 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY Mol. wt. 350.4  M.f. C16H22N4O3S  Form Colourless crystals.  M.p. 114-116 °C  V.p. 5.3 ´ 10-5 mPa (20 ºC)  KOW logP = 3.21  S.g./density 1.30 (25 °C)  Solubility In water 2.5 mg/l (20 ºC).  Stability Stable in neutral and weakly acidic media. Relatively stable to heat.
 COMMERCIALISATION History Discovered in 1987; reported by Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd (agrochemical interests now Eiko Kasei Co., Ltd) (M. Kanzaki et al., Proc. Br. Crop Prot. Conf. - Weeds, 1991, III, 923 (and refs. therein)). Introduced in Japan in 1997 by Eiko Kasei Co., Ltd. and transferred to SDS Biotech KK in 2001.  Patents JP 1858798; US 5147445; EP 0332133  Manufacturers SDS Biotech KK
 APPLICATIONS Biochemistry Inhibits cell division.  Uses Pre- and early post-emergence control of Echinochloa oryzicola, Cyperus difformis and other annual weeds in paddy rice, at 150-300 g/ha. Formulation types GR; SC; WG; WP.  Selected products: 'Grachitor' (SDS Biotech KK)
 OTHER PRODUCTS Mixtures: 'Crush' (+ daimuron+ imazosulfuron) (Sumitomo Chemical Takeda); 'Die-Hard' (+ pyrazosulfuron-ethyl) (Nissan, Yashima); 'Joystar' (+ cyhalofop-butyl+ daimuron+ bensulfuron-methyl) (Kumiai); 'Joyster' (+ cyhalofop-butyl+ daimuron+ bensulfuron-methyl) (Kumiai); 'Kusatory Ace Jumbo' (+ daimuron+ bensulfuron-methyl) (Sankyo Agro); 'Nebiros' (+ cyclosulfamuron+ daimuron) (BASF); 'Niceshot-Jumbo' (+ pyrazolynate+ bromobutide) (Sankyo Agro); 'Rakudar' (+ daimuron+ bensulfuron-methyl) (Sankyo Agro); 'Redstar' (+ cyhalofop-butyl+ daimuron+ halosulfuron-methyl) (Nissan); 'Sanattack' (+ ethoxysulfuron) (Sankyo Agro); 'Striker' (+ cyhalofop-butyl+ pyrazosulfuron-ethyl) (Nissan, Yashima); 'Technostar' (+ pyrazosulfuron-ethyl) (Nissan); 'Weedless A36' (+ daimuron+ azimsulfuron+ bensulfuron-methyl) (Sankyo Agro, DuPont, Eiko Kasei, SDS Biotech KK); 'Weedless' (+ daimuron+ bensulfuron-methyl) (Sankyo Agro)
 ANALYSIS By hplc with u.v. detection.
 MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats and mice >5000 mg/kg.  Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >2000 mg/kg.  Inhalation LC50 (14 d) for rats >1.97 g/m3.  ADI 0.003 mg/kg.  Other Non-mutagenic in the Ames test.
 ECOTOXICOLOGY Birds Acute oral LD50 for quail and mallard ducks >2000 mg/kg.  Fish LC50 (48 h) for carp >1.2 mg/l.  Daphnia LC50 (3 h) >500 mg/kg.  Bees Acute oral LC50 (72 h) for bees >1000 ppm; contact LC50 (72 h) >5000 ppm.
 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE Animals The major metabolite in the rat and dog is 3-(2,4,6-trimethylphenylsulfonyl)-1,2,4-triazole.  Plants The major metabolite in rice is the same as in the rat.  Soil/Environment DT50 (Japanese paddy) c. 7 d, (Japanese upland) c. 8 d.
 
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