Cafenstrole 唑草胺

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用于水稻田防除大多一年生与多年生阔叶杂草。日本中外制药、永光化成、日产等联合开发。2009年3月6日到期。1997年上市。2009年市场为0.65亿美元。

唑草胺(cafenstrole)

中文通用名称: 唑草胺
英文通用名称: cafenstrole (BSI,ISO)
商品名称: ハイメドウ (Himeadow) ,1997年在日本商品化。
化学名称: N,N-二乙基-3-均三甲基苯磺酰基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-甲酰胺
N,N-diethyl-3-mesitylsulfonyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-carboxamide
分子式:C16H22N4O3S
分子量: 350.5

CA主题索引名及CAS登录号:
N,N-diethyl-3-[(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)sulfonyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-carboxamide
[125306-83-4]

化学结构类型: 三唑酰胺类

理化性质:
纯品为无色结晶体;熔点114-116℃;密度1.30(20℃);蒸气压为2.99×10-9Pa (20℃)。分配系数 LogP=3.21;水中溶解度为2.5 mg/l(20℃);中性和弱酸性条件下稳定。

毒性:
大(小)鼠急性经口L D50:>5000mg/kg;大鼠急性经皮L D50:>2000mg/kg; 大鼠急性吸入L C50(14小时):>1.97g/l。野鸭和鹌鹑急性经口L D50:>2000mg/kg;鱼毒L C50(48小时):鲤鱼 >1.2 mg/l;水蚤 LC50(3小时):>500mg/kg。Ames试验呈阴性。无致突变性。

制剂:G R、W P、SC。

作用机理
CH-900的具体作用机理尚不清楚,大量研究结果显示其作用机理与氯乙酰胺类化合物相似,是细胞生长抑制剂[参考文献3和4]。

适宜作物: 移栽水稻
安全性:对移栽水稻安全。
防除对象:CH-900可防除稻田大多数一年生与多年生阔叶杂草如稗草、鸭舌草、异型莎草、萤蔺、瓜皮草等,对稗草有特效。
使用方法: CH-900是一种可苗前和苗后使用的除草剂,持效期超过40天。使用剂量为50~300克有效成分/公顷。

合成方法:
以2,4,6-三甲基苯胺起始原料,经重氮化与由硫代氨基脲制备的巯基三唑反应,经氧化与氨基甲酰氯缩合或先与氨基甲酰氯缩合再氧化即得目的物。反应式为:


主要原料与中间体: 硫代氨基脲、2,4,6-三甲基苯胺、二乙胺基甲酰氯
分析方法: HPLC
开发公司: 日本中外制药公司研制,永光化成和日产化学商品化。
专利申请: JP 02 001481、W O 92 02512


 

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cafenstrole
Herbicide
HRAC K3 WSSA 15

  Cafenstrole

NOMENCLATURE
Common name cafenstrole (pa ISO)
IUPAC name N,N-diethyl-3-mesitylsulfonyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-carboxamide
Chemical Abstracts name N,N-diethyl-3-[(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)sulfonyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-carboxamide
CAS RN [125306-83-4] Development codes CH-900 (Chugai)

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Mol. wt. 350.4 M.f. C16H22N4O3S Form Colourless crystals. M.p. 114-116 °C V.p. 5.3 ´ 10-5 mPa (20 ºC) KOW logP = 3.21 S.g./density 1.30 (25 °C) Solubility In water 2.5 mg/l (20 ºC). Stability Stable in neutral and weakly acidic media. Relatively stable to heat.

COMMERCIALISATION
History Discovered in 1987; reported by Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd (agrochemical interests now Eiko Kasei Co., Ltd) (M. Kanzaki et al., Proc. Br. Crop Prot. Conf. - Weeds, 1991, III, 923 (and refs. therein)). Introduced in Japan in 1997 by Eiko Kasei Co., Ltd. and transferred to SDS Biotech KK in 2001. Patents JP 1858798; US 5147445; EP 0332133 Manufacturers SDS Biotech KK

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Inhibits cell division. Uses Pre- and early post-emergence control of Echinochloa oryzicola, Cyperus difformis and other annual weeds in paddy rice, at 150-300 g/ha. Formulation types GR; SC; WG; WP. Selected products: 'Grachitor' (SDS Biotech KK)

OTHER PRODUCTS
Mixtures: 'Crush' (+ daimuron+ imazosulfuron) (Sumitomo Chemical Takeda); 'Die-Hard' (+ pyrazosulfuron-ethyl) (Nissan, Yashima); 'Joystar' (+ cyhalofop-butyl+ daimuron+ bensulfuron-methyl) (Kumiai); 'Joyster' (+ cyhalofop-butyl+ daimuron+ bensulfuron-methyl) (Kumiai); 'Kusatory Ace Jumbo' (+ daimuron+ bensulfuron-methyl) (Sankyo Agro); 'Nebiros' (+ cyclosulfamuron+ daimuron) (BASF); 'Niceshot-Jumbo' (+ pyrazolynate+ bromobutide) (Sankyo Agro); 'Rakudar' (+ daimuron+ bensulfuron-methyl) (Sankyo Agro); 'Redstar' (+ cyhalofop-butyl+ daimuron+ halosulfuron-methyl) (Nissan); 'Sanattack' (+ ethoxysulfuron) (Sankyo Agro); 'Striker' (+ cyhalofop-butyl+ pyrazosulfuron-ethyl) (Nissan, Yashima); 'Technostar' (+ pyrazosulfuron-ethyl) (Nissan); 'Weedless A36' (+ daimuron+ azimsulfuron+ bensulfuron-methyl) (Sankyo Agro, DuPont, Eiko Kasei, SDS Biotech KK); 'Weedless' (+ daimuron+ bensulfuron-methyl) (Sankyo Agro)

ANALYSIS
By hplc with u.v. detection.

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats and mice >5000 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats >2000 mg/kg. Inhalation LC50 (14 d) for rats >1.97 g/m3. ADI 0.003 mg/kg. Other Non-mutagenic in the Ames test.

ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds Acute oral LD50 for quail and mallard ducks >2000 mg/kg. Fish LC50 (48 h) for carp >1.2 mg/l. Daphnia LC50 (3 h) >500 mg/kg. Bees Acute oral LC50 (72 h) for bees >1000 ppm; contact LC50 (72 h) >5000 ppm.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Animals The major metabolite in the rat and dog is 3-(2,4,6-trimethylphenylsulfonyl)-1,2,4-triazole. Plants The major metabolite in rice is the same as in the rat. Soil/Environment DT50 (Japanese paddy) c. 7 d, (Japanese upland) c. 8 d.