Amitraz 双甲脒

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双甲脒

英文通用名 amitraz
其他名称 兴星 螨克 阿米曲士

毒性
大鼠急性经口LD50为200-400mg/kg,急性经皮LD50>250mg/kg,对试验动物眼睛、皮肤无刺激作用。

剂型
20%双甲脒乳油。

特点
双甲脒系广谱杀螨剂,主要是抑制单胺氧化酶的活性。具有触杀、拒食、驱避作用,也有一定的内吸、熏蒸作用。

适用范围
适用于各类作物的害螨。对同翅目害虫也有较好的防效。

使用方法
1.果、茶树害螨的防治 苹果叶螨、柑橘红蜘蛛、柑橘锈螨、木虱,用20%螨乳油1000-1500倍液喷雾。
2.茶树害螨的防治 防治茶半跗线螨,用有效浓度150-200mg/kg药液喷雾。
3.蔬菜害螨的防治 茄子、豆类红蜘蛛,用20%乳油1000-2000倍液喷雾。西瓜、冬瓜红蜘蛛,用20%乳油2000-3000倍液喷雾。
4.棉花害螨的防治 防治棉花红蜘蛛,用20%乳油1000-2000倍液喷雾。同时对棉铃虫、红铃虫有一定兼治作用。
5.牲畜体外蜱螨及其他害螨的防治 牛、羊等牲畜蜱螨处理药液50-1000mg/kg。牛疥癣病用药液250-500mg/kg全身涂擦、涮洗。环境害螨用20%乳油4000-5000倍液喷雾。环境害螨用20%乳油1000倍液喷雾。

注意事项
1.不要与碱性农药混合使用。
2.在气温低于25℃以下使用,药效发挥作用较慢,药效较低,高温天晴时使用药效高。
3.在推荐使用浓度范围,对棉花、柑橘、茶树和苹果无药害,对天敌及蜜蜂较安全。
4.若中毒,应速送医院治疗。

 

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amitraz
Acaricide, insecticide
IRAC 19; amidine

  Amitraz

NOMENCLATURE
Common name amitraz (BSI, E-ISO, ANSI, ESA, BAN, JMAF); amitraze ((m) F-ISO)
IUPAC name N-methylbis(2,4-xylyliminomethyl)amine
Chemical Abstracts name N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-[[(2,4-dimethylphenyl)imino]methyl]-N-methylmethanimidamide
Other names N,N-bis(2,4-xylyliminomethyl)methylamine; N-methyl-N'-2,4-xylyl-N-(N-2,4-xylylformimidoyl)formamidine; 1,5-di-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-1,3,5-triazapenta-1,4-diene CAS RN [33089-61-1] EEC no. 251-375-4 Development codes BTS 27 419 (Boots) Official codes OMS 1820; ENT 27 967

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Mol. wt. 293.4 M.f. C19H23N3 Form White/pale yellow crystalline solid. M.p. 86-88 ºC V.p. 0.34 mPa (25 ºC) using clapeyron-clausius analysis KOW logP = 5.5 (25 ºC, pH 5.8) Henry 1.0 Pa m3 mol-1 (measured) S.g./density 1.128 (20 ºC) Solubility In water <0 .1 mg/l (20 ºC). Soluble in most organic solvents; in acetone, toluene, xylene >300 g/l. Stability Hydrolysis DT50 (25 ºC) 2.1 h (pH 5), 22.1 h (pH 7), 25.5 h (pH 9). U.V. light appears to have little effect on stability. pKa 4.2, weak base

COMMERCIALISATION
History Acaricide reported by B. H. Palmer et al. (Proc. Int. Congr. Acarol. 3rd, 1971, p. 687) for veterinary use and by D. M. Weighton et al. (Meded. Fac. Landbouwwet. Rijksuniv. Gent, 1972, 37, 765) for crop use. Introduced by The Boots Co. Ltd.; (now marketed by Bayer CropScience for crop protection and by Hoechst AG for veterinary use). Patents GB 1327935 (Boots) Manufacturers Bayer CropScience; Milenia; Rotam; Sharda; Sundat

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Mode of action probably involves an interaction with octopamine receptors in the tick nervous system, causing an increase in nervous activity. Mode of action Non-systemic, with contact and respiratory action. Expellent action causes ticks to withdraw mouthparts rapidly and fall off the host animal. Uses Control of all stages of tetranychid and eriophyid mites, pear suckers, scale insects, mealybugs, whitefly, aphids, and eggs and first instar larvae of Lepidoptera on pome fruit, citrus fruit, cotton, stone fruit, bush fruit, strawberries, hops, cucurbits, aubergines, capsicums, tomatoes, ornamentals, and some other crops. Also used as an animal ectoparasiticide to control ticks, mites and lice on cattle, dogs, goats, pigs and sheep. Phytotoxicity At high temperatures, young capsicums and pears may be injured. Formulation types EC; PO; WP. Compatibility Incompatible with alkaline materials, parathion, and others. Selected products: 'Akaroff' (Ingeniería Industrial); 'Byebye' (Agriphar); 'Cekutraz' (Cequisa); 'Edrizar' (Siapa); 'Ovasyn' (Bayer CropScience); 'Parsec' (Makhteshim-Agan); 'Rotraz' (Rotam); 'Sender' (Sanonda); 'Taktic' (veterinary use) (Intervet); 'Vapcozin' (Vapco)

OTHER PRODUCTS
'Bemisit' (AgroSan); 'Dani-cut' (Nissan); 'Mitac' (crop protection) (Gowan); 'Mitisan' (Aragro); 'Tudy' (BASF) Discontinued products: 'Azadieno' * (Q.E.A.C.A.); 'Baam' * (Upjohn) mixtures: 'Synergin 1+2' * (+ tralomethrin) (Aventis)

ANALYSIS
Product analysis by glc (CIPAC Handbook, 1995, G, 5-10). Residue analysis also by glc. Details available from Bayer CropScience.

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Reviews FAO/WHO 83, 85 (see part 2 of the Bibliography). Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats 650, mice >1600 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rabbits >200, rats >1600 mg/kg. Inhalation LC50 (6 h) for rats 65 mg/l air. NOEL In 2 y feeding trials, no adverse effect observed in rats receiving 50-200 ppm diet, or in dogs dosed 0.25 mg/kg daily. Human NOEL >0.125 mg/kg daily. ADI (JMPR) 0.01 mg/kg b.w. [1998]. Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) III; EPA (formulation) III EC classification Xn; R22

ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds LD50 for bobwhite quail 788 mg/kg. LC50 (8 d) for mallard ducks 7000, Japanese quail 1800 mg/kg. Fish LC50 (96 h) for rainbow trout 0.74, bluegill sunfish 0.45 mg/l. Due to rapid hydrolysis, it is unlikely that this toxicity will be expressed in natural aquatic systems. Daphnia LC50 (48 h) 0.035 mg/l. Due to rapid hydrolysis, it is unlikely that this toxicity will be expressed in natural aquatic systems. Algae EC50 for Selenastrum capricornutum >12 mg/l. Bees Low toxicity to bees and predatory insects. LD50 (contact) 50 mg/bee (formulation). Worms LC50 (14 d) for earthworms >1000 mg tech./kg.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Animals Rapid breakdown leading to excretion as a conjugate of 4-amino-3-methylbenzoic acid and, to a lesser extent, to N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N'-methylformamidine. Plants Rapidly degraded, mainly to N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N'-methylformamidine and, to a smaller extent, to 2,4-dimethylformanilide. Soil/Environment Rapidly broken down in soil under aerobic conditions (J. Appl. Bacteriol., 1977, 42, 187; ibid. 1978, 44, 383); DT50 in soil <1 d. Degradation occurs more rapidly in acid than in neutral or alkaline soils. Very strongly adsorbed to soil; Koc c. 1000-2000.